| First base (man) |
The first base on the baseball field and the player responsible for defending that position |
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| One-base hit (single) |
A hit where the batter successfully runs to first base |
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| Second base (man) |
The second base on the baseball field and the player responsible for defending that position |
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| Two-base hit (double) |
A hit where the batter successfully runs to second base |
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| Third base (man) |
The third base on the baseball field and the player responsible for defending that position |
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| Three-base hit (triple) |
A hit where the batter successfully runs to third base |
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| Home base (plate) |
The position where the batter hits, also the scoring point |
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| Plate (head) umpire |
The main umpire standing behind home plate judging balls and strikes |
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| Base bag |
The four fixed white cushions on the field that runners must touch to be safe |
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| Home run / Homer |
When a batter scores directly after hitting, usually by hitting the ball over the home run wall |
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| Solo home run |
A home run with no runners on base, scoring 1 run |
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| Grand slam home run |
A home run with bases loaded, scoring 4 runs |
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| Walk off hit |
A hit that decides the game in the last inning |
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| Walk off home run |
A home run that decides the game in the last inning |
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| At bat |
The number of official batting attempts by a batter |
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| Run batted in (RBI) |
The number of times a batter’s hit allows teammates to score |
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| Base on ball |
When a pitcher throws four balls, allowing the batter to advance to first base |
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| Four ball |
When a pitcher throws four balls, allowing the batter to advance to first base |
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| Walk |
When a pitcher throws four balls, allowing the batter to advance to first base |
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| Hit-and-run |
A strategy where the runner starts running early and the batter must hit |
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| Run down |
When a runner is caught between two defensive positions |
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| Pickle |
When a runner is caught between two defensive positions |
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| Intentional walk |
A strategy where the pitcher intentionally throws four balls to walk the batter |
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| Wild pitch |
A pitch that the catcher cannot catch |
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| Sacrifice fly |
A fly ball out that allows a runner to score |
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| Earned run average |
A statistic showing the average runs allowed by a pitcher per nine innings |
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| Pitch hitter |
A player who substitutes for the original batter in the batting order |
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| Outfielder |
A player who defends the outfield area |
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| Relief pitcher |
A pitcher who replaces the starting pitcher |
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| Infielder |
A player who defends the infield area |
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| Southpaw |
A pitcher who throws with their left hand |
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| Screw-armer |
A pitcher who throws with their left hand |
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| Left-hander |
A pitcher who throws with their left hand |
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| Center |
A player who defends the center outfield area |
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| Right-hander |
A pitcher who throws with their right hand |
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| Left fielder |
A player who defends the left outfield area |
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| Batter |
The player currently batting |
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| Right fielder |
A player who defends the right outfield area |
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| General manager |
The executive responsible for overall team operations |
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| Catcher |
The defensive player who catches behind home plate |
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| Pitcher |
The player who throws from the pitcher’s mound |
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| Shortstop |
The infielder who defends between second and third base |
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| Coacher |
The coach who guides runners at first and third base |
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| Middle reliever |
A pitcher who substitutes in middle innings |
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| Bull pen |
The area where pitchers warm up |
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| Full count |
A situation with two strikes and three balls |
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| Base full |
When there are runners on first, second, and third base |
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| Base sliding |
The action of a runner sliding into a base |
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| Plate |
The number of times a batter comes to bat, including walks |
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| Game |
The number of games a player participates in |
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| Pitcher’s plate |
The elevated mound where the pitcher throws from |
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| Batting average |
The percentage of hits divided by at-bats |
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| Game started |
The number of times a pitcher starts a game |
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| Save |
When a relief pitcher successfully preserves a victory |
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| Blown save |
When a relief pitcher fails to preserve a victory |
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| Foul ball |
A ball hit into foul territory |
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| Fair ball |
A ball hit into fair territory |
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| Ball |
A pitch outside the strike zone |
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| Strike |
A pitch inside the strike zone |
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| Hit |
When a batter successfully reaches base after hitting |
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| Ground ball |
A hit where the ball rolls along the ground |
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| Breaking pitch |
A pitch with special spin or movement |
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| Hit by pitch |
When a pitcher’s throw hits the batter |
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| Curve |
A pitch with an arcing movement |
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| Shoot ball |
A pitch combining fastball and curve characteristics |
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| Pop-up |
A high, short fly ball |
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| Sinker |
A pitch that drops sharply |
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| Fast ball |
A pitch primarily based on speed |
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| Screwball |
A pitch with special spin direction |
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| Liner |
A straight, fast pitch |
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| Knuckle ball |
A slow pitch thrown with knuckles for irregular rotation |
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| High fly ball |
A high, long fly ball |
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| Tip |
When the ball slightly grazes the bat |
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| Steal |
Running to the next base during the pitcher’s delivery |
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| Complete game |
When a pitcher pitches the entire game |
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| Caught stealing |
When a runner is caught stealing a base |
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| Designated hitter |
A player who only bats and doesn’t play defense |
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| Stolen base |
Successfully stealing the next base |
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| Disabled list |
A list of players unable to play due to injury |
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| Double steal |
When two runners steal bases simultaneously |
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| Forced out |
When a defender steps on a base to force out a runner |
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| Double play |
Two outs in one offensive play |
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| Triple play |
Three outs in one offensive play |
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| Sacrifice hit |
A hit that results in an out but achieves a tactical effect |
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| Score ring position |
Scoring opportunity with runners on second and third |
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| Lose |
The number of games credited as losses for a pitcher |
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| Shutout |
When a pitcher completes a game without allowing any runs |
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| Win |
The number of games credited as wins for a pitcher |
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| Inning pitched |
The number of innings a pitcher throws |
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| Run |
When a runner successfully circles the bases and scores |
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| Dead ball |
When the umpire declares the game temporarily stopped |
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| Strike zone |
The legal pitching area between a batter’s knees and chest |
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| Left on bases |
The number of runners who didn’t score |
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| Save point |
The number of successful saves by a relief pitcher |
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| Error |
A defensive handling mistake |
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| Dugout |
The resting area for players beside the field |
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| Take base |
When a batter or runner successfully reaches a base |
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| Extra inning |
Additional innings after the regular nine innings |
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| On base percentage (OBP) |
The probability of a batter reaching base |
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| No-hitter |
When a pitcher completes a game without allowing any hits |
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| Assist |
Helping create an out on defense |
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| Out |
When an offensive player is ruled out |
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| Strike-out |
When a batter is struck out by the pitcher |
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| Uncaught third strike |
When a batter is struck out but the catcher fails to catch the ball |
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| Earned run |
Runs that are the pitcher’s responsibility |
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| Fielding percentage |
The probability of successful defense |
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| Short field |
The area defended by the shortstop |
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| Balk |
An illegal pitching motion |
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| Inside corner |
The edge of the strike zone closer to the batter |
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| Outside corner |
The edge of the strike zone away from the batter |
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| Winning play |
An important play that affects the game’s outcome |
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| Check |
A pitcher’s move to prevent base stealing |
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| Control |
A pitcher’s ability to control pitch location |
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| Wind-up |
A pitcher’s preparation motion before throwing |
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| Pitcher’s foot fault |
An illegal stepping motion by the pitcher |
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| Left-handed batter |
A batter who holds the bat with their left hand |
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| Right-handed batter |
A batter who holds the bat with their right hand |
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| Batter’s box |
The area where the batter stands to hit |
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| Batting order |
The arrangement of players' batting sequence |
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| Free pass |
Reaching base via walk or hit by pitch |
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| Return to one’s base |
When a runner returns to their original base |
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| Heavy batter |
A batter with strong hitting power |
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| Swing |
The motion of a batter swinging the bat |
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| Back swing |
When a batter pulls back an incomplete swing |
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| Hitless |
When a batter fails to get a hit |
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| Batting eye |
The ability to judge balls and strikes |
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| Base running |
The skill of running between bases |
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| Bunt |
A tactical hit where the ball is gently tapped |
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| Fielding |
The defensive skill of catching the ball |
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| Fumble |
A defensive catching error |
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| Inning |
The scoring unit of the game, divided into top and bottom |
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| Battery |
The combination of pitcher and catcher |
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| Passed ball |
When a catcher misses a catchable pitch |
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| Bull pen |
The area where pitchers warm up |
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| Base path |
The running path between bases |
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| Baseball bat |
The bat used by batters to hit |
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| One-handed catch |
Catching the ball with one hand |
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| Out-of-bounds |
A ball hit outside the playing field |
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| Baseball diamond |
The playing field, shaped like a diamond |
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| Sliding catch |
A defensive catch made while sliding |
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| Jumping catch |
A defensive catch made while jumping |
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| Game ball |
The game ball kept after a victory |
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| Perfect game |
When a pitcher completes a game with no runners reaching base |
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| Hit a cycle |
Hitting all types of hits in one game |
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| Swing & miss |
Swinging without hitting the ball |
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| Productive out |
An out that achieves a tactical purpose |
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| Unproductive out |
An out that achieves no tactical effect |
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| SAC out |
A sacrifice out for tactical purposes |
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| SAC fly out |
A sacrifice out via fly ball |
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| Fly out |
An out from a caught fly ball |
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| Pop out |
An out from a caught short fly ball |
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| Ground out |
An out from a thrown ground ball |
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| Line out |
An out from a caught line drive |
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| Line drive |
A ball hit hard and parallel to the ground |
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| Foul out |
An out from a caught foul ball |
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| Pick out |
An out from a pitcher’s pickoff move |
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| Bunt out |
An out from a fielded bunt |
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| Tag out |
An out from a defender tagging a runner |
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| Thrown out |
An out from being caught stealing |
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